Combination-lock



C. H. AND W. E. GOURLAY.

COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAB-4, 192.0.

Patented Nov; 29, 192

2 SHEETS-SHEET I INVENTORS Clarence H Goa/by Walter E Gour/ay ATTORNEY C. H. AND W. E. GOURLAY.

COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION men MAR. 4, 19 2 Patented Nov. 29, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR C/a/ence Gour/qy Wa/ter f Goa/45y i BY T RNEY UHTED STATES PATENT CLARENCE H. GOURLAY AND WALTER E. GO'URLAY, OF JAMAICA, NEW YORK.

COMBINATION-LOOK.

essence.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NO 29, 1921.

Application filed March 4, 1920. Serial No. 363,150.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CLARENCE H. Goun- LAY and WALTER E. GoURLAY, citizens of the United States, residing at Jamaica, county of Queens, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Combination-Lock, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to combination locks and while adapted for general application is particularly intended for use as a lock for doors or other closures.

Combination looks have long been known for various uses such, as for example, as pad locks, door locks, safe locks and locks for other forms of closures, but in practically every instance the tumblers, which such locks usually embody, are so formed as to lock the bolt or hasp of the lock in locked position. In other words, the bolt of the lock is usually maintained in locked position by a plurality of tumblers and can only be unlocked when the tumblers have been shifted to such position as to allow of movement of the bolt through alined slots or openings in the tumblers. present invention,the lock is so constructed that the bolt is normally maintained in locked position independently of the tumblers, said tumblers serving the purpose of allowing bolt operating means to be brought into cooperative relation with the bolt, for the purpose of unlocking the same, only when the tumblers are inpredetermined positions.

In the preferred, practical embodiment of the invention the bolt is normally maintained in advanced position by means of a spring, but may be retracted by suitable lock actuating means carried by a knob. A plurality of tumblers, however, preclude the engagement of the bolt actuating means with the bolt until the tumblers are manipulated into predetermined positions, whereupon the bolt operating means may be moved into engagement with the bolt and said bolt withdrawn through the turning of the knob.

In accordance with the bodying the present invention, showing the lock associated with a door. The section of Fig. 1 is taken in the plane 11 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a section on Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1; and,

Fi 4 is a perspective detail of means whic we preferably employ to maintain the bolts in unlocked condition.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a box-like casing in which the operating parts ofthe lock are mounted. This casing may be formed or built up from sheet or cast metal and may be mounted on a door in any the line 22 of suitable manner such as by the screws 2.

ture in the side of the casing 1, adjacent the partition 4 and said bolt is normally forced into advanced position by means of a sprin 8 interposed between the back of the bolt and the stamped up lug 6. The bolt is provided with a projection 9 which extends through the cut out portion 5 and is pivotally connected by means of a pin. 10 to a link 11, the other end of which is pivotally connected by a pin 12 to an operating arm 13. The operating arm 13 is fitted on the squared portion of a rod 14 which is secured to the shank of a door knob 15. The shank of the knob projects through the wall of the casing and is threaded to receive a nut 16. This nut locks the knob against pulling out and the nut may be locked against turning off of the threaded portion by means of a set screw 17. The knob 15 constitutes the inside knob of the door and it will be apparent from the construction described that when this knob is turned the bolt 7 may be readily retracted As soon as the knob is released the spring 8 returns the bolt to advanced position as shown in Fig. 1.

Extending through the opposite side of the casing from the side of the knob 15 is the shank of the outside knob 18. This shank is provided with a cylindrical passage 19 into which the rod 14 extends. The stem of knob 18 passes through a sleevee 20 to the outer end of which is aflixed a dial 21 and the inner end of said sleeve is threaded to receive a nut 22 serving to hold the dial against the face of the door. A pointer 23 is mounted on the door and reaches over the dial as shown in Fig. 1. The stem of the knob 18 is slotted and a pin 24 passes through the sleeve 20 and into the said slot to lock the dial for rotary movement with the knob. lVhen the knob 18 is rotated, the dial 21 turns therewith and the operator watches the pointer 23 so as to alternately turn the knob in different directions a predetermined number of revolutions in accordance with the particular combination required to open the door.

vSecured to the inner end of the stem of knob 18 is a tumbler 25 attached thereto by screws as shown in Fig. 1 and subjacent the tumbler 25 are additional tumblers 26, 27 and 28 loosely mounted on the rod 14 and separated from one another by washers as shown. Depending from the tumbler 25 is a pin 29 adapted to engage with the pin 30 on the tumbler 26. The pin 30 projects through the tumbler 26 and is adapted to engage with the pin 31 on the tumbler 27, which, in turn projects through the tumbler and is adapted to engage with a pin 32 on the tumbler 28. When the knob is rotated. the pins of the tumblers cooperate with one another to successively rotate the tumblers for the purpose of working out the combination. Notches or openings 34, 35 and 36 are formed in the tumblers 26, 27 and 28, respectively, and with these notches are adapted to coiioperate pins 38, 39 and 40, respectively. These pins are threaded through holes in the partition 4 and a large number of said holes are provided so that the combination may be changed fro-m time to time by placing the pins in each hole if desired. For the purpose of bringing the bolt operat ing means in engagement with the bolt to render it responsive to the operations of the knob 18, the notches in the tumblers are provided and it is only when these notches are in alinement with their respective pins that the bolt can be made responsive to the operations of the knob and the normal operation of the lock. At all other times, the pins preclude the forcing in of the knob a sufficient distance to render the bolt responsive to its operations. The flange of the outer or upper tumbler 25 is provided with a notch 42, which is adapted, when the combination is properly set, to come into engagement with the toe 45 of a projection 46, best shown in Figs. 2 and 4, when the knob 18 is forced in. If the knob is held in and turned, while the notch 42 is straddling the toe 45, the bolt 7 will be retracted against the tension of spring 8, but as soon as the knob is released, the spring 8 will quickly return the bolt to advanced position and the spring 41 will force out the knob 18. In practice, the knob should be given a slight turn before the operator removes his hand, so as to break up the combination, and thereby preclude unauthorized persons from subsequently opening the door. 7

It frequently occurs that a person may desire to leave the door unlocked while sitting on the porch or for other reasons and this is provided for in the lock of this invention by the construction shown inFigs. 3 and 4. To this end, the flange of the tumbler 25 is surrounded by an annular member or ring 42, which is positioned about the depending flange of the tumbler 25. This ring is slidable longitudinally of the tumbler, but is locked for rotary movement therewith by means of ribs 43 formed on the tumbler 25 and operating in grooves in the ring 42 as shown in Fig. 4. The lower end of the ring 42 is castillated or provided with depending teeth 44 which, when the knob 18 is forced inwardly, come into engagement with the toe 45 of a projection 46, shown best in Figs. 2 and 4.

Pivoted on the partition 4 is a-lever 47 having a forked end 48 which embraces the ring 42 and is provided with shoes 49 having slotted faces adapted to engage with a flange 50 formed on the ring 42. A finger piece 51 is provided with a stem 52 which extends through the casing and partition 4 as shown in F 3, and is secured at 53 to the lever 47. A spring 54 is coiled about the stem 52 and normally forces the lever 47 into a position to hold the ring 42 against the flange 55- formed on the tumbler 25. The stem 52, however, is squared and works in a square hole in the outside wall of the casing, so that if it is desired to maintain the door unlocked, the following procedure is followed.

The setting of thecombination is not required and it is only necessary to draw the finger piece 51 outwardly, which operation will slide the ring 42 inwardly on the flange of the tumbler 25 and bring the castillated or toothed edge thereof into engagement with the toe 45. This having been accomplished, the finger piece is given a slight turn so as to bring the'squaredportion of the shank52 into angular'rela'tion to the squared hole in the casing.

To allow of this rotation, the stem 52 is i locked to the bolt. Accordingly, the knob may be turned at will to actuate the bolt without necessitating a setting of the combination, or forcing knob 18 in. However, when it is again desired to lock the door against intrusion, the finger piece 51 may be slightly rotated to release the lever 47, whereupon the spring 54 will force the ring 42 free from the projection on the bolt and before the door can be unlocked, the combination must be set.

Having thus fully described the invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A combination lock embodying a bolt, a knob, an annular toothed member fixed for rotation with the knob and adapted to engage with the bolt, tumbler mechanism operable through rotation of the knob for normally maintaining the annular toothed member out of engagement with the bolt, and a dial associated with the knob and rotatable thereby to facilitate the conditioning of the tumbler mechanismtopermit the annular toothed member to engage with the bolt, whereupon the bolt may be operated throu h rotation of the knob.

2. combination lock embodying a bolt provided with a projection, a knob, a member fixed for rotation with the knob and adapted to engage with the projection of the bolt, a plurality of nested cup-shaped tumblers positioned coaxially of the knob and adjacent the inner end of the shank of said knob, a plurality of pins juxtaposed with the skirts of the cup-shaped tumblers to normally preclude longitudinal movement of the knob, and a dial associated with the knob to facilitate the conditioning of the tumblers to bring out out portions in the skirts thereof in alinement with the corresponding pins to allow of axial movement of the knob for the purpose of bringing the operating member thereof in engagement with the projection of the bolt, whereupon the bolt may be operated through rotation of the knob.

3. A combination lock embodying a bolt,

a knob, an operating member fixed for rotation with the knob and adapted to eotiperate with the bolt, a plurality of nested cupshaped tumblers positioned coaxially of the knob, stationary pins independent of the operating member coiiperating with the tumblers for normally maintaining the knob in position to hold the operating member free from engagement with the bolt, and a dial associated with the knob to facilitate such conditioning of the tumblers as to permit movement of the operating member into engagement with the bolt, whereupon rotation of the knob effects operation of the bolt.

4. A combination lock embodying a knob mounted for rotation and axial movement, a bolt mounted for reciprocation, means fixed for rotation with the knob for operating the bolt, a plurality of tumblers positioned coaxially of the knob and adapted to be rotated thereby, a plurality of pins cooperating with the tumblers for normally precluding coaxial reciprocation of the knob, a plate for supporting said pins, and a dial associated with the knob whereby the knob may be rotated to rotate the tumblers and bring cut out portions in the tumblers into alinement with the pins to permit of reciprocation of the knob for the purpose of bringing the operating member into engagement with the bolt whereupon the bolt may be operated through rotation of the knob.

5. A combination lock embodying a knob mounted for rotation and axial movement, a bolt mounted for reciprocation, means fixed for rotation with the knob for operating the bolt, a plurality of tumblers positioned coaxially of the knob and adapted to be rotated thereby, a plurality of pins cooperating with the tumblers for normally precluding coaxial reciprocation of the knob, a plate "for supporting said pins, and a dial associated with the knob whereby the knob may be rotated to rotate the tumblers and bring cut-out portions in the tumblers into alinement with the pins to permit of reciprocation of the knob for the purpose of bringing the operating member into engagement with the bolt whereupon the bolt may be operated through rotation of the knob, said plate being provided with a plurality of apertures in excess of the apertures in which the several pins are mounted, so that the combination of the lock may be varied by changing one or more pins into dili'erent apertures in the plate.

6. A combination lock embodying a bolt, a knob mounted for rotation and recoprication, a cup-shaped member secured to the inner end of the knob, said cup-shaped mcm ber beingshaped to engage the bolt, a plurality of tumblers, pins cooperating with the tumblers for normally precluding engage ment between the cup-shaped member and the bolt, and a dial associated with the knob, whereby the knob may be rotated to bring cut-out portions of the tumblers into alinement with the wards to permit longitudinal movement of the knob and the consequent bringing of the cup-shaped member into engagement with the bolt, whereupon rotation of the knob efi'ects operation of the bolt.

7. A combination lock embodying a bolt,

a knob, a cup-shaped member secured to the inner end of the knob shank, a plurality of dished shaped tumblers nested into the cup shaped member and positioned coaxially of the knob, all of said tumblers and the cup shaped member being provided in the edges of their skirts with cut away portions, thecut away portion of said member being adapted to be brought into engagement with the bolt by axial movement of the knob, a plurality of pins associated with the tumblers for normally precluding such movement, and a dial associated with the knob, whereby the knob may be rotated to bring the out out portions of the tumblers into alinement with the wards to permit axial movement of the knob whereby the cut away portion or" the cup shaped member is brought into engagement with the bolt for the purpose of allowing operation of the bolt through rotation of the knob.

8. A combination lock embodying a'bolt, a knob, a laterally projecting arm associated with the knob and a link secured to the arm and to the bolt to render the bolt at all times responsive to the operations of the knob, a second knob, operating connections between the second knob and the bolt, tumbler mechanism, operable by the second knob, for normally maintaining said operating connections inoperative and a dial associated with the second knob to facilitate the conditioning of the tumbler mechanism to render said connections operative whereby the bolt may be operated by the second knob. 9. A combination lock embodying a bolt,

a manually operable member, tumbler mechanism, operable by the manually operable member for normally maintaining the manu ally operable member ineffective to operate the bolt, a dial associated with the manually operable member to facilitate the conditioning of the tumbler mechanism to render the bolt responsive to the operations of the manually operable member, and means for automatically restoring the parts to inoperative condition after the bolt has been operated, in combination with means for sustaining operative relation between the manually operable member and the bolt.

10. A combination lock embodying a bolt, a knob, an operating member, carried by the knob, tumbler mechanism associated with the operating member for normally maintaining saidmember out of cooperative relation with the bolt, and a dial associated with the knob to facilitate the conditioning of the tumbler mechanism to render the bolt responsive to the operations of the knob, and means for automatically restoring the parts to' inoperative condition after the bolt has been operated, in combination with a second operating member associated with the first mentioned operating member and adapted to be brought into cooperative relation with the bolt simultaneously with the bringing of the first operating m mber into such relation, means for securing the second operating member for rotation with the knob, and means for maintainino said two operating members in operative relation to the bolt after the first operating member has been automatically returned to inoperative position.

11. A combination lock embodying a bolt, a knob, a pair of operating members associated with the knob and either of which is adapted to operatively connect the knob with the bolt, tumblermechanism for non inally restraining one operating member, and manually operable means for moving the other operating member into cooperative relation with the bolt and maintaining it in such position, to permit of the operation of the bolt through the turning of the knob.

12. A combination lock embodying a bolt, a knob, inefi'ective operating connections between the bolt and the knob, and tumbler mechanism for maintaining the operating connections normally ineffective, in combination with additional operating connections between the knob and the bolt, and manic ally operable means for effecting and maintaining mechanical connection between the bolt and knob through said-additional operating connections,

13. A combination lock embodying a bolt, an inside knob, and outside knob, operating means connecting the inside knob to the bolt' at all times, an operating member associated with the outside knob, tumbler mechanism for normally maintaining the operating member free from engagement with the bolt, a dial, movable witii the knob, for facilitating the conditioning of the tumbler mechanism to bring the operating member into engagement with the bolt to permit of the operation of the bolt by the outside knob. and additional means, independent oi? the connections between the inside knob and the bolt, for operatively connecting the bolt and the outside knob at any time. V

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification.

CLARENCE H. GOURLAY. WALTER E. GOURLAY. 

